400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 U.S.A. Tel: (724) 776-4841 Fax: (724) 776-5760 Web: www.sae.org SAE TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES2005-01-3861 ATF Additive Effects on Lead Corrosion Scott Anthony Culley Afton Chemical Corporation Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibition San Antonio, Texas USA October 24-27, 2005Downloaded from SAE International by University of British Columbia, Thursday, August 02, 2018By mandate of the Engin eering Meetings Board, th is paper has been approved for SAE publication upon completion of a peer review process by a minimum of three (3) industry experts under the supervision of the session organizer. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,without the prior written permission of SAE. For permission and licensing requests contact: SAE Permissions 400 Commonwealth DriveWarrendale, PA 15096-0001-USAEmail: [email protected]: 724-776-3036Tel: 724-772-4028 For multiple print copies contact: SAE Customer ServiceTel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-776-1615Email: Customer [email protected] ISSN 0148-7191Copyright © 2005 SAE InternationalPositions and opinions advanced in this paper are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of SAE.The author is solely responsible for the content of the paper. A process is available by which discussions will be printed with the pap er if it is publishe d in SAE Transactions. Persons wishing to submit papers to be considered for presentation or publication by SAE should send themanuscript or a 300 word abstract of a proposed manuscript to: Secretary, Engineering Meetings Board, SAE. Printed in USADownloaded from SAE International by University of British Columbia, Thursday, August 02, 2018 12005-01-3861 ATF Additive Effects on Lead Corrosion Scott Anthony Culley Afton Chemical Corporation Copyright © 2005 SAE International ABSTRACT This paper presents data on the effect of ATF additives on lead corrosion as measured in a simple bench test and the MERCON ® ABOT. The correlation between the bench test and the ABOT test will be discussed. The effect of base oil, carbo xylic acids, and oxidation products on lead corrosion will also be discussed. Two types of additives used in automatic transmission fluids can reduce lead corrosion. Each additive has shown a statistically significant linear correlation to lead loss. There is also a statistica lly significant detrimental interaction between the additives when both are present in the fluid simultaneously. A mechanism to explain this interaction will be presented along with analyses of the lead surfaces after ABOT testing. INTRODUCTION There have been specific tests in place for over 25 years to evaluate motor oil influences on copper-lead journal bearings. Recently the CRC L-38 was replaced with the Sequence VIII [1]. Corrosive wear of lead containing parts has been well documented [2]. The use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study copper-lead connecting rod bearing wear dates to the early 1970s. In 1976 a SEM study on the effect of low ash motor oil additives on L-38 connecting rod bearing corrosion was published [3]. In 1997 a similar study on the unleaded gasoline procedure was published [4]. In this study, 0.2% oleic acid added to a passenger car motor oil significantly increased the rate of bearing weight loss. There also have been bench tests developed that simulate the chemical corrosion of bearings during fired motor tests. Such a procedure for diesel lubricants was developed in 1994 [5,6]. The authors proposed that copper corrosion resulted from the formation of copper sulfide while lead corrosion resulted from residual chlorine in the lubricant additives. Recently, a study using a modification of this procedure was published in antic